Setting & Achieving Goals

Do you ever feel like you’re sleepwalking through life

with no real idea of what you want? Perhaps you know exactly what you want to achieve, but have no idea how to get there.

That’s where goal setting comes in. Goals are the first step towards planning for the future, and play a fundamental role in the development of skills in various facets of life, from work to relationships and everything in between. Understanding the importance of goals and the techniques involved in setting achievable goals paves the way for success. A big part of achieving goals is having regular pit-stops to review your performance. Based on our own experiences in life (personal and professionally) and research, we've broken out the five most important things to ensure your goals are achieved. Based on our own experiences in life we wanted to share three examples of goal setting in what I believe are critical topics, Psychological Health, Relationships and Financial.

Remember, dreams without goals are just dreams! In order to achieve your goals you must apply discipline & consistency, everyday!

1. Commitment

Commitment refers to the degree to which an individual is attached to the goal and their determination to reach it – even when faced with obstacles. According to Locke & Latham (1990), goal performance is strongest when people are committed, and even more so when said goals are difficult. Given the commitment to a goal, if an individual discovers their performance is below that which is required, they are likely to increase their effort or change their strategy in order to attain it (Latham & Locke, 2006). When we are less committed to goals – particularly more challenging goals – we increase the likelihood of giving up. In the presence of strong commitment, there is a significant association between goals and performance; we are more likely to do what we intend to do. (Latham & Locke, 1991). According to Miner (2005), a number of factors can influence our commitment levels. Namely, the perceived desirability of a goal and the perceived ability of achieving it. Whether you are setting a goal for yourself or for others, in order to be successful you must possess the desire and a comprehensive understanding of what is required to achieve it.

2. Clarity

Specific goals put you on a direct course. When a goal is vague, it has limited motivational value. Set clear, precise and unambiguous goals that are implicit and can be measured. When a goal is clear in your mind, you have an improved understanding of the task at hand. You know exactly what is required and the resulting success is a further source of motivation.

3. Challenging

Goals must be challenging yet attainable. Challenging goals can improve performance through increased self-satisfaction, and the motivation to find suitable strategies to push our skills to the limit (Locke & Latham, 1990). Conversely, goals that are not within our ability level will not be achieved, leading to feelings of dissatisfaction and frustration.

We are motivated by achievement and the anticipation of achievement. If we know a goal is challenging yet believe it is within our abilities to accomplish, we are more likely to be motivated to complete a task (Zimmerman et al., 1992).

4. Task Complexity

The timescale for such goals should be realistic. Allowing sufficient time to work toward a goal allows opportunities to reassess the goal complexity, whilst reviewing and improving performance (pit-stop). Even the most motivated of people can become disillusioned if the task’s complexity is too great for their skills.

5. Feedback

Unambiguous feedback ensures that action can be taken if necessary. If performance falls below the standard required to achieve a goal, feedback allows us to reflect upon our ability and set new, more attainable, goals. When such feedback is delayed, we cannot evaluate the effectiveness of our strategies promptly, leading to a potential reduction in the rate of progress . When we perceive our progress towards a goal as adequate, we feel capable of learning new skills and setting more challenging future goals.

Descriptions of Goal Setting in Practice

Psychological Health

Goal setting is a robust method of support for positive mental health (Rose & Smith, 2018). When considering the goals you would like to achieve in relation to psychological health, think about what you want to change and how you want to go about changing it. Achieving goals in any aspect of life can boost self-esteem and self-efficacy, leading to improvements in confidence and well-being. Many have been thinking about their well-being and wants to make changes to improve their mental health. Within this area, goals such as “I want to be happier” are too vague and will create barriers to achievement. Settling on the more specific goals of “I will do one thing every day that makes me happy”. This is much more realistic and can easily be reviewed.

Relationships

Interpersonal goal setting allows us to create higher quality relationships characterized by improved responsiveness that ultimately enhance relationship quality for everyone involved. "Someone decides he/she wants to spend more time with his/her family, after thinking about how he/she can do this he feels that the problem may be related to the many late nights he/she has been spending at work. He/ She decides, “I will make sure I am home from work every night before the children go to bed”. While this may seem like a specific goal, there is still much ambiguity. What if he/ she has to work late in order to meet a deadline? Both he/she and his/her children will feel disappointed and frustrated with this outcome. After reviewing his/her goal, He/ She makes some alterations and thinks that the goal, “I will make sure I am home from work 2 days a week so that I can see the children before bedtime”. By adding specifics, he/she has made his goal more achievable and measurable. On reviewing his/her goal progress, he/ she might then decide to change his/her goal to three times per week if experience tells him this is attainable.

Financial

Money, or lack thereof, can massively influence our mental health and well-being (Mind, 2016). It is impossible to know what life will throw at you – illness, redundancy, unexpected expenditure. In this category, like many others, short term, smaller goals are often more likely to result in success. Perhaps you have debt that you want freedom from or even just a rainy day savings fund. Whatever your financial goal, small positive steps to taking control of your finances can make a big impact. “He” has been thinking about her finances and decides she wants to start building her savings. Rather than setting the vague goal, “I want to save money”, she thinks in more detail about her objective and sets the goal “I will save $Amount in the next 8 weeks”. By making the goal more specific and measurable, he has improved the likelihood of actually achieving her goal. The goal can now be reviewed as and when she decides to and it will be clear if he is on track.